安全帽

安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)帽(mao)是(shi)對(dui)人體(ti)(ti)頭(tou)(tou)部(bu)(bu)受(shou)墜(zhui)落物及其他(ta)特定因素引起(qi)的(de)傷(shang)害起(qi)防護作用(yong)(yong)的(de)帽(mao)子(zi)。由帽(mao)殼、帽(mao)襯、下頦帶和(he)附(fu)件組(zu)成(cheng)。帽(mao)殼呈半(ban)球形(xing)，堅固、光(guang)滑并(bing)有一定彈性(xing)，打擊(ji)(ji)物的(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)和(he)穿刺動(dong)能主要由帽(mao)殼承受(shou)。當作業(ye)(ye)人員頭(tou)(tou)部(bu)(bu)受(shou)到墜(zhui)落物的(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)時，利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)帽(mao)帽(mao)殼、帽(mao)襯在瞬間先將沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)力分解到頭(tou)(tou)蓋(gai)骨的(de)整個面積上(shang)，然后利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)帽(mao)各部(bu)(bu)位緩沖(chong)(chong)(chong)結(jie)構的(de)彈性(xing)變形(xing)、塑性(xing)變形(xing)和(he)允許(xu)的(de)結(jie)構破壞將大(da)(da)部(bu)(bu)分沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)力吸收，使(shi)最(zui)后作用(yong)(yong)到人員頭(tou)(tou)部(bu)(bu)的(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)力降低(di)到4900N（GB2811-2007規定；試(shi)驗表明，此為人體(ti)(ti)頸椎受(shou)力最(zui)大(da)(da)限(xian)值，超過此限(xian)值頸椎會受(shou)到傷(shang)害，輕者引起(qi)癱瘓，重(zhong)者危及生命）以下，從而起(qi)到保(bao)護作業(ye)(ye)人員頭(tou)(tou)部(bu)(bu)的(de)作用(yong)(yong)。安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)帽(mao)的(de)帽(mao)殼材料對(dui)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)帽(mao)整體(ti)(ti)抗擊(ji)(ji)性(xing)能起(qi)重(zhong)要作用(yong)(yong)。

沖擊吸收性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、耐穿刺性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、下頦帶強度(du)，以及防靜電(dian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、電(dian)絕緣性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、側向剛性(xing)(xing)(xing)、電(dian)絕緣性(xing)(xing)(xing)、阻燃性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、耐低溫性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)等特殊技術性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)是對安全(quan)帽基本技術性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)要求。